Height:

20.0-24.0 Inches

Spread:

20.0-24.0 Inches

Hardiness Zones:

4,5,6,7,8,9

Flower Color:

Red shades Multicolored

Foliage Color:

Green shades

Sunlight:

Full Sun (> 6 hrs. Direct Sun) Part Shade (4-6 hrs. Direct Sun)

Water Requirements:

Average Water Needs Consistent Water Needs

Soil Quality:

Average Soil Quality Fertile Soil Quality

Soil Chemistry:

Acidic Soil (pH < 7.0) Neutral Soil (pH = 7.0)

Bloomtime:

Late Spring Early Summer

Attracts Wings:

Attracts Butterflies Attracts Hummingbirds Bee Friendly

Critter Resistant:

Rabbit Resistant

Growth Rate:

Medium

Garden Style:

Patio Container Cottage Eclectic Woodland Shade

Other Features:

Border Plant Container Cut Flower Easy To Grow Mass Planting Salt Tolerant

Origin:

Native to North America

Columbine is easy to grow in loose, average to rich, well-drained soil. Heavy or soggy soils will hasten their demise. They can be grown in full sun or partial shade, though light shade will prolong the flowering time. In the fall, cut plants back to their basal foliage.

In the spring, remove only the dead leaves. Columbine is sometimes affected by leaf miners. If this happens, cut the foliage all the way back to the ground and discard it. Healthy, new growth will emerge quickly. Propagate by sowing named seed rather than by division; mature plants do not like to be disturbed.

Growing Temperature:

57-68° F

Holding Temperature:

45-55° F

Soil PH:

5.8-6.4

EC (What is EC?):

1.5-2.0 pour through method

Fertility:

A constant liquid feed of 50 ppm N is sufficient for healthy growth.

For Controlled Release or Slow Release Fertilizer, see your preferred supplier for recommended rates for incorporation or top dressing, as it varies by fertilizer.

Vernalization:

Provide 6-9 weeks of cold at temperatures below 40° F.

Pests & Diseases:

Aphids, columbine leafminers (Phytomyza), bumble bees (they eat corolla tubes), columbine skipper caterpiller (Erynnis), columbine borer (Papaipema), whiteflies (in greenhouse), spider mites, foliar nematodes, columbine sawfly, thrips.

Botrytis blight, Alternaria blight, impatiens necrotic spot virus, powdery mildew, leaf spots, crown rot and root rot, rust, cucumber mosaic virus, damping off, leaf and stem smut.

Potting & Timing:

Use a moist, well-drained media with good aeration and waterholding capacity.

Moisture:

Water thoroughly, allowing growing media to dry out between waterings.

Planting Level:

Place crown at soil level.

PGRs/Pinching:

Force plants under short days as this will keep the plants more compact.

Lighting:

Aquilegia are day neutral plants and will flower under any photoperiod. Prefers moderate light levels. During periods of low light, providing supplemental light will yield sturdier plants.

Other Comments:

Cool growing temperatures will result in heavier flowering.

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